A History of Yugoslavia by Marie-Janine Calic

Author:Marie-Janine Calic
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Publisher: Purdue University Press
Published: 2019-01-15T01:19:12.199000+00:00

12.

The 1960s: Transition to

an Industrial Society

At no other time in its history did Yugoslavia change as much as it did in the twenty years following 1945. The socialist transformation completed the far-reaching industrial reshaping of social conditions that had started before the Second World War. It left no area untouched. Everything changed: social and occupational structures, urban environment and architecture, family structures and gender roles, attitudes, norms, and customs. The 1960s marked a phase of transition in which the society could no longer be characterized as a rural-traditional one, but at the same time it had not yet fully become urban-industrial. At this point, tradition and modernity neither ran parallel nor directly conflicted with each other. Instead, they mutually penetrated each other. All aspects of life that were age-old, well established, and customary no longer found socially relevant niches in which to flourish. The economic miracle, greater intellectual liberties, and international exchange sparked an impressive heyday in art, culture, and consumption and opened up unprecedented opportunities in the lives of a large segment of the population, which is why this period was later known as the “golden years.” Critical self-reflection and the desire for change and advancement grew from being an elite phenomenon to a mass one—perhaps the decisive characteristic of this decade.

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